CPP 环境配置
Table of contents
gcc 安装
sudo apt install aptitude -y
sudo aptitude build-essential
# 先拒绝接受第一种解决方案 选择 n ，再接受第二种解决方案 选择y ，再同意下载安装这些依赖 选择y
cmake 和git 安装
sudo apt install cmake git -y
ubuntu 18.04以上是默认安装了python3的
配置vscode基础开发环境
进入目录 执行 code . vscode会以当前目录为项目目录打开vs,并且创建了.vscode文件夹，在该文件夹中有重要的三个文件分别是：
- launch.json 会告诉你怎么加载运行，配置调试环境 F5
- tasks.json 告诉你怎么样配置构建任务 ctrl+shift+b
- c_cpp_properties.json
vscode + cmake + Shell 配合开发
VSCode
| 方法 / 字段 | 含义 |
|---|---|
| ${workspaceFolder} | 当前 Workspace 文件夹路径 |
| ${workspaceRootFolderName} | Workspace 文件夹命令 |
| ${file} | 自身文件绝对路径 |
| ${relativeFile} | 文件在 Workspace 中的路径 |
| ${fileBasenameNoExtension} | 当前文件的文件名，无后缀 |
| ${fileExtname} | 当前文件的后缀 |
| ${fileBasename} | 当前文件的文件名 `${fileBasenameNoExtension}.${fileExtname}` |
| ${fileDirname} | 当前文件所在文件夹路径 |
| ${lineNumber} | 当前文件光标所在行号 |
VSCode 环境配置
- launch.json
{ "version": "0.2.0", "configurations": [ { "name": "Build&Debug", "type": "cppdbg", "request": "launch", "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/main", "args": [], "stopAtEntry": false, "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/bin", "environment": [], "externalConsole": false, "MIMode": "gdb", "setupCommands": [ { "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb", "text": "-enable-pretty-printing", "ignoreFailures": true } ], "preLaunchTask": "debug", "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb" }, { "name": "RBuild&Debug", "type": "cppdbg", "request": "launch", "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/main", "args": [], "stopAtEntry": false, "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/bin", "environment": [], "externalConsole": false, "MIMode": "gdb", "setupCommands": [ { "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb", "text": "-enable-pretty-printing", "ignoreFailures": true } ], "preLaunchTask": "rdebug", "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb" } ] } - tasks.json
{ "version": "2.0.0", "tasks": [ { "label": "debug", "type": "shell", "args": [ "debug", "false" ], "command": "scripts/build.sh", "options": { "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}" }, "problemMatcher": [], "group": { "kind": "build", "isDefault": true } }, { "label": "release", "type": "shell", "args": [ "release", "false" ], "command": "scripts/build.sh", "options": { "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}" }, "problemMatcher": [], "group": { "kind": "build", "isDefault": true } }, { "label": "rdebug", "type": "shell", "args": [ "debug", "true" ], "command": "scripts/build.sh", "options": { "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}" }, "problemMatcher": [], "group": { "kind": "build", "isDefault": true } }, { "label": "rrelease", "type": "shell", "args": [ "release", "true" ], "command": "scripts/build.sh", "options": { "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}" }, "problemMatcher": [], "group": { "kind": "build", "isDefault": true } } ] } - setting.json
{ "C_Cpp.default.configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.cmake-tools" }
构建脚本 build.sh
#!/bin/sh
BUILD_type=$1
ORIGIN_PATH=${pwd}
PROJECT_ROOT=$(cd `dirname $0`; cd ..; pwd)
BUILD_DIR=${PROJECT_ROOT}/build
INSTALL_DIR=${PROJECT_ROOT}/bin
function build_failed() {
echo $1 failed
cd ${ORIGIN_PATH} || failed
exit 1
}
function build_root_cmake() {
if [[ ! -d ${BUILD_DIR} ]]
then
mkdir ${BUILD_DIR}
fi
cd ${BUILD_DIR} || echo "cd error"
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${BUILD_DIR} -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${INSTALL_DIR} .. || build_failed "generate cmake file"
make || build_failed "make"
make install || build_failed "make install"
}
build_root_cmake
CMakeLists 编写
# Demo 1
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)
project(poj)
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER "gcc")
add_subdirectory(src)
# Demo 2
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -W -Wall -Wextra")
file(GLOB TEST_SRC
*.h *.c
core/*.h core/*.c)
add_executable(main ${TEST_SRC})
install(TARGETS main DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX})